Turbine.



PATBNTED MAY 19, 1908 P. H4. LINDNER.

TURBINE.

PL TION FILED AUG. |1907. AP 10A lo 5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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ATTORNEY PATENTED MAY 19, 1908. F. H. LINDNER.

TU RBINE.

APPLICATION HLED AUG.10.190'1.

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lyxvENTofg A'rTo R N ev PATENTED MAY 19, 1908. P. H. LINDNER.

TURBINB.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.1o,19o7.

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TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.10,1907.

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NT R 5ML/ ATTO RN EY PATBNTBD MAY 19, 1908. P. H. LINDNER.

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TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG.1o.19o7.

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@la/k 3,1111? employ stages progressing in o not wish to ilimit m self tothe number of disks compounded.

FRANK H. LINDNER, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY.

TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 19., 1908.

Application' filed August 10, 1907. Serial No. 887,991.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK H. LINDNER, a

citizen of the United States, and a resident of4 Bayonne, 1n the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbines, of which the following is a speciication.

My invention relates, to elastic fluid turbines, and has for its object a sim le, effective and balanced turbineadaptedpto multistage and compound action. I attain this object by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of a compoun turbine. 2 to 8 are diagrammatw sections. Figs. 9 and 10 are views .illustratin the preferred form of bucket. Figs. 11 an 12v are views illustrating a modified form of bucket.

Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several views. f In the drawings, 20 designates a wheel disk or disks adapted to rotate with the shaft 2-1 'ournaled in suitable bearings of a frame 22.

1 to 4 I have illustrated the turcompounded, two wheel disks being shown, vthe steam bein admitted through the inlet 23, and the exaust fromthe iirst Wheel disk conducted through the4 exhaust port 24 to the inlet port 25 of'the second Wheel disk.l A casing 26 incloses each Wheel and when a number of wheel disks are employed the outlet ports of the lirst wheel are connected to the inlet ports of the next wheel bine and so on, the final exhaust 24 leading to the atmosphere or into a suitable condenser. The wheel disks under certain conditions may also be arranged to act separately, so that one or more may be cut out when desired.

In the drawings, Fig. 3 shows the section of the disk wheel acted upon by streams of fluid in seven 'sta es progressing around one-half of the disk anin the direction of the arrow; and 4 the steam is shown continued in live stages ro essing in the direction of the arrow aroun su stant1ally the other half of the succeeding disk. However, I do not wish t0 conne myself to the number of stages of expansion shown in the drawings, and may also opposite direction. I also d conpoint,

nection with the same I employ the usual devices for lubrication, regulation and v acking. Upon the periphery of the `whee disk or disks 2O is arranged a series of buckets 27 passing completely around the same.l These uckets are shown in detail in Figs. 9 to 12. The buckets thus shown are formed to receive the -j ets or streams at their sides or inlet orts 28, affording two impact surfaces 28 om which the fluid discharges'upwardly in one streamV through the exhaust ports 29, the said streams being undivided at or near the top of the buckets. As shown, the buckets are provided with a central dividing wall separating the Ainlet impact surfaces 2 8 which continue upwardly and backwardly, the separation gradually decreasing and terminatin in the undivided exhaust port 29. This wa extends from` the bottom upwardly with decreasing cross-sec tionaly area whereby the two streams of fluid are caused to unite at or near the tops of said 4 buckets.

Directing ports 3() open at each side of the buckets into the annular chamber at an acute angle to the plane of rotation of the buckets an tangentlally to the rotation at that and are adapted to direct a'stream of uid against the impact surfaces 28 opposed .to the same. Exhaust chambers 31 receive the united streams from the exhaust ports 29, which ports are of an area greater than the combined cross-sectional area of the two directing orts leading to the buckets. The number o buckets receiving fluid from the res ective directing orts increases with the vo ume of expanded uid, the directing ports being preferably designedso that any one ort covers at all times at least one bucket. From the exhaust chambers 31, 'the fluid passes into the directing chambers 32 which ivide the same and terminate in thenext succeeding directin ports. the turbin throng the inlet 23 and is directed through the djrectinglchambers 32 to the directing ports 30' and t e inlet ports.28 of the buckets 27. U on entering the buckets at each side andV elivering an impact or im ulse, the two 'streams of fluid unite at the aust ports 29 and dischar e into the ex' haust chamber 31. The ilui from the ex` haust-chamber 31 passes to the directing chambers as shown, which terminate in the next succeeding directing ports directing ports 28, and provide The fluid enters other jets or streams into the buckets 27 This is continued in the turbine shown around approximately one-half of the wheel disk 20, the

exhaust chambers, directing chambers and `5 directing ports increasing in volume proportionately to suit the rate of expansion. The fluid is finally exhausted through the ports 24 to the inlet port Z5 of the next succeeding wheel, and so on until final exhaust through outlet 24 to the atmosphere or into a sultable condenser. My turbine thus comprises essentially a rotating disk or Wheel crowned with a series of buckets adapted to move within an annular chamber, and into which chamber are directed ports in the form of nozzles whose final direction is at an acute angle to the plane of rotation of the buckets.

The nozzles ma tion -through straight or curved paths which may be longitudinally convergent or divergent. The cross-section of these nozzles is referably circular, though they may be any esired shape. The buckets receive the fluid upon opposite sides or impact surfaces, unite the two streams and discharge the united stream at the top into the exhaust chambers, which chambers communicate with directing chambers dividing the fluid and terminating in succeeding directing ports, and so on until final exhaust.

The turbine i]1ustrated in the accompanying drawings is simple and inexpensive in construction, but Ido not wish to confine myself to the specific construction illustrated as I may employ any other suitable constructions.

A method for the convenient division of the expansion into a number of stages upon vone wheel disk is disclosed by my invention as well as the compounding of two or more such wheel disks mounted upon a common shaft. An engine capable of ex anding the fluid in numerous stages, an providing therefore for a correspondingly low peripheral speed of the movin parts, is thus obtalned.

The energy deve o ed and applied in this turbine produces no ateral thrust, and the moving parts are perfectly balanced. The turbine is further ada table for low pressure fluids making it suita le for small power and portable engines. In the foregoing the turbine has been constructed as a prime mover. However, by applying mechanical power to. the shaft, usmg the exhaust ports as inlet ports and the inlet orts as outlet ports, and a general reversal) of action, the construction will be e ually serviceable as a blower or compressor o elastic fluid; or as a pump, ejector or injector for fluids.

In my improved turbine the leakage between stages is employed in succeedin stages, and the escape of energy at the fina exhaust is reduced to a small percentage of 65 the initial energy.

arrive at their final direci In compounding a number of disks the last disk may be acted upon in one stage only, thereby avoiding any leakage which would occur between stages and utilizing all the leakage occurring in the receding stages.

1. In a turbine: a w reel disk rotatably mounted; a series of buckets upon the peri ihery of same, said buckets having lateral inlet and top exhaust orts; an annular chamber in which said bue ets move; directing ports directed to the side of said buckets; and exhaust chambers to receive the exhaust from said exhaust ports, said ports passing the exhaust chambers and the inlet ports assing the said directing ports; and directg() mg chambers dividing the fluid from the said exhaust chamber and terminating in the next succeeding directing ports.

2. Ina turbine: a wheel disk rotatably mounted; a series of buckets upon the perliphery of same; said buckets having lateral i et and top exhaust ports; directing ports at each'side of said buckets to direct a fluid into the sides thereof; exhaust chambers at the top of said buckets to receive the exhaust fluid therefrom; and directing chambers dividing the fluid from said exhaust chambers and terminating in succeeding directing ports at each side of said buckets, and so on toward the final exhaust.

Y 3. In a turbine: directing ports; exhaust chambers; directing chambers; and a series of buckets adapted to laterally receive the fluid from said directing ports, unite the same into a single stream exhausting into said ex- 100 haust chambers, and thence to said directing -chambers which in turn divide the same and terminate in succeeding directing ports, and so on toward the final exhaust.

4. In a turbine: directing ports; a series of buckets receiving the `fluid therefrom; a seriesof exhaust chambers to receive the discharge from saidl buckets, and directing chambers receiving `the fiuid from said exhaust chambers and terminating in succeeding directing ports for the fluid, said buckets, exhaust chambers, directing chambers and directing ports alternately uniting the fluid into a single stream from said buckets and directing the same into two streams to suceeeding buckets. v

5. In a turbine: two or more wheel-disks mounted upon a common shaft; directing orts for a fluid; exhaust chambers; directlng chambers; a series of buckets upon the 120 y periphery of said disks, sa1d buckets being ada ted to receive and unite the fluid from sai directing ports, discharge the same upwardly into said exhaust chambers and thence into said directing chambers which divide the fluid into two streams and terminate 1n succeeding directing ports; anda conducting passage from the final exhaust of one disk to t e next succeeding disk, andy so on to final exhaust.

6. In a turbine: an annular chamber; directing ports opening into the sides thereof, said directing ports being in 'one direction at an acute angle to the plane of rotation and in the other direction tangential to the rotation at that point; exhaust chambers opening into the top of the annular chamber; and a series of buckets, each bucket adapted to move injuxtaposition to the walls of the annular chamber and having two inlet ports ,said inlet orts being formed by successive buckets, tiie adjacent'ports being separated only by the intervening material necessary for the formation of the bucket, and comprlsing the parts of the bucket passing opposite the directing ports, impact surfaces opposed to the direction of the directing ports separated from each other by a ridge formed by a modiied continuation of said impact surfaces, the bucket from the impact surface continuing upwardly and backwardly and the separation of the impact surfaces gradually decreasing and terminating in an undivided exhaust port of an area greater than the combined crosss-ectional area off the two directing ports leading to the buckets.

`Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this 8th day of August A. D. 1907.

FRANK H. LINDNER Witnesses:

FREDK. F. SCHUETZl SALLY O. YUDIZHY. 

